Pembahasan Lengkap Perihal Peletakan Gerund Dalam Kalimat Atau Frase

Artikel ini ialah lanjutan dari Pembahasan Gerund dan Penggunaannya.

Penempatan Gerund dalam kalimat atau frase

 

1. Gerund diletakkan setelah kata sifat 

Dalam hal ini hanyalah kata sifat yang dapat berfungsi sebagai penjelas (modifier) dan Gerund ialah kata benda yang diterangkan (head).
Contoh :
*Divy made delicious cooking.
*That movie has a happy ending.
*This cream is used to prevent a premature aging.
*What causes a global warming ?
*Can we stop the cases of illegal loggings ?

2. Gerund diletakkan setelah Possesive Adjective atau Genetive.

Contoh :
*Do you like my mother’s cooking ?
*Olla is intersted in his teaching.
*Your thinking becomes idols in our school.
*Will Marsya exhibit his painting next week ?
*Is that your grandfather's housing ?

3. Gerund sehabis Idiomatic Expressions

Dalam bahasa Inggris ada sejumlah frase yang harus diikuti dengan VERB-ING (Gerund).
Contoh-contoh Idiomatic Expressions yang diikuti Gerund ialah :

a. There/ It is no use + Gerund (Tak ada gunanya)
Contoh :
*There is no use crying over spilt milk. (Tak ada gunanya menangisi susu yang tumpah)
*There is no use hanging out.
*There is much use reviewing the lesson that we have studied.
*Is it/there any use staying up every night ?
*Is it any use playing on-line game ?

Note : Much use ialah kebalikan dari no use. Any use dipakai untuk kalimat tanya (Interrogative).

b. There/ It is no good + Gerund (Tak ada bagusnya/baiknya)
Contoh :
*There is no good telling a lie (Tak ada bagusnya bercerita bohong)
*Is there any good cheating in a test ? (Apakah ada bagusnya menyontek dalam ujian)
*It is so much good giving alms to the poor and the needy. (Banyak baiknya memberi sedekah kepada fakir miskin dan yang membutuhkan)

c. There /It is no fun +Gerund (Tak ada senangnya)
Contoh :
*There is no fun getting lost in the forest.
*Is there any fun being led by a dictator ?
*It is much fun snorkelling with some friends.
*Is it any fun being taught with English ?

d. There is no harm in + Gerund ( Tak ada salahnya)
Contoh :
*There is no harm in being rich.
*Is there any harm in marrying a widow ?
*It is no harm in askung for some help.

e. There is no point + Gerund ( Tak ada nilai/harganya)
Contoh :
*There is no point in discussing with a stubborn person .
*Is there any point in prostrating unto God ?
*There is no point worshiping dolls of clay or stone.

f. It is worth + Gerund (Berguna /bermanfaat/penting)
*It is worth doing sport regularly.
*It is not worth gambling.
*It is worth keeping our health.
*Is it worth abusing drugs ?

Note :
Subject + be + worth + Gerund
Gerund dalam struktur kalimat di atas harus diterjemahkan ke dalam arti pasif, dan kata worth bermakna layak/pantas.
Contoh :
*Seawater is not worth drinking (Air maritim tidak layak diminum)
*The corruptors are worth imprisoning for long time. (Para koruptor layak dipenjara dalam waktu yang lama)
*No one worth insulting, are they ? (Tak seorangpun pantas dihina, bukan? )
*This food is not worth eating anymore. (Makanan ini tidak layak dimakan lagi)

g. Can’t stand + Gerund (Tidak tahan)
Contoh :
*Marissa can’t living in a small house. (Marissa tidak tahan tinggal di rumah kecil)
*Tiara can’t stand being lied. (Tiara tidak tahan dibohongi)
*Kemal can’t stand working indoor. (Kemal tidak tahan bekerja di luar)
*Can you stand being fooled ? (Bisakah anda tahan ditipu ? )

h. Can’t help + Gerund (Tidak dapat menghindar)
Contoh :
*She can’t help getting very early because her class starts at 6 am.
*Anton can’t help earning money for his family after his father’s death.
*Can he help staying in a boarding house ? His house is far from his school.

i. Go + Gerund (Pergi)
Go + Gerund dipakai untuk menyatakan aktivitas rekreasi.
Contoh :
*He went camping last week.
*Will we go cycling this afternoon ?
*When are you planning to go golfing ?
*She goes jogging to keep her body fit.
*We have gone snorkelling in Banda sea.

Go sailing = pergi berlayar
Go parasailing = pergi bermain paralayang
Go skiing = pergi bermain ski
Go hunting = pergi berburu
Go sightseeing = pergi basuh mata
Go iceskating = pergi bermain seluncur es
Go swimming = pergi berenang
Go boating = pergi berlayar /bersampan
Go fishing = pergi memancing
Go windowshopping = pergi jalan-jalan ke mall tapi tidak membeli
Go canoing = Pergi bermain kano
Go rafting = pergi berarung jeram

j. Would you mind + Gerund (Apakah anda keberatan...)
Idiomatic Expression would you mind dipakai untuk meminta seseorang melaksanakan sesuatu.
Contoh :
*Would you mind passing that way ?
*Would you mind not smooking in front of me ?
*Would you mind not turning the air conditioning ?

4. Gerund after Number (cardinal, Ordinal and fraction)

Contoh :
*We must attend two briefings before joining a weekly meeting.
*Marta has finished five drawing on her laptop.
*This is my half writing.
*The first dating leaves memories strongly.
*We can learn much from the first driving.
*This is only two third painting.

5. Gerund after Time

Contoh :
*Many students were absent on Saturday briefing.
*When did your father attend an annual meeting ?
*She likes a Saturday night dating.
*Morning jogging is much better.
*She goes monthly shopping in the Sri Ratu.

6. Gerund after Demonstrative and Question Words

Contoh :
*This housing is my grandfather’s.
*Those buildings will be demolished soon.
*What drawing are you making now ?
*Whose teaching always inspire you ?
*How many painting will be exhibited in the fair next week ?

To be continued...
See Gerund after Preposition 

Gerund After Preposition Plus Rujukan Kalimat

Melanjutkan Pembahasan lengkap perihal Peletakan Gerund dalam Kalimat atau Frase

Gerund after Preposition

Prepostion (kata depan) dalam bahasa Inggris dikelompokkan menjadi 2 yaitu :

a. Free Preposition (Kata depan bebas)

Free Preposition diantaranya yakni : for, with, without, by, besides, from, in, after, before, dan sebagainya.
Contoh :
1. She becomes a freelance journalist besides working at a bank.
2. This knife is for carving fruits.
3. Joe killed a spider by hitting it with a rolling magazine.
4. Save him from doing bad things.

b. Bound Prepositions (Kata depan terikat) 

Adjective + Preposition + Gerund
Contoh :
1. She is sorry for not helping us.
2. Are they scared of getting bad value ?
3. He was not very interested in painting.
4. She was/felt embarred about undressing in front of a doctor.
5. Everyone is opposed to going camping on the rainy season.

Contoh-contoh lain Adjective + Prepositions :

Adj + Preposition	Meaning
Be responsible for Be sick for Be tired of Be fond of Be afraid of Be capable of Be scared of Be suspected of Be sick of (annoyed) Be interested in Be successful in Be clever at Be good at Be bad at Be skilled/skillful at Be accustomed to Be used to Be ashamed about Be sick about (unhappy) Be better off Be keen on	Bertanggung jawab Dipenuhi rasa rindu Lelah Penuh kasih sayang Takut Pandai, cakap Takut Ragu Jemu. bosan Tertarik Berhasil Pandai,pintar Baik Jelek Mahir Biasa Bekas Malu Tidak gembira Dalam keadaan lebih baik Tertarik pada

Noun + Preposition + Gerund
Contoh :
1. Show me the meaning of being lonely !
2. She declines the offer of being transferred to the branch office.
3. Milla was never given the opportunity of going to a college.
4. Do you hate his habit of coming very late ?
5. Do they know the danger of rock-climbing ?
6. The teacher tells student the importance of reviewing the lesson at home.
7. There is no objection to helping other people.

Contoh-contoh lain Noun + Preposition

N + Preposition	Meaning
Reason for Thanks for Apology for Excuse for Method of/for Hope of/for Thought of Chance of Fear of Importance of Right of Intention of Way of Means of Danger of Opportunity of Capability of Necessity of Honor of Process of Skill at Surprise at Success in Interested in Shame in Experience in Difficulty in Objection to	Alasan Kesulitan Keberatan Alasan untuk Cara,proses,metode Harapan Pemikiran Kesempatan Ketakautan Kepentingan Hak Niat Jalan Cara Bahaya Kesempatan Kesanggupan Kebutuhan Reputasi, nama baik Cara Keahlian Kejutan Keberhasilan Perhatian Rasa malu Pengalaman Kesulitan Keberatan

Verb + Preposition + Gerund
Contoh :
1. We can’t focus on gaining the profit in this business.
2. Ferry objects to helping his step father.
3. Will we put of fishing ?
4. Franky confessed to hiding my school documents.
5. Has he given up smoking ?
6. Kendy goes on fishing undre the heat of the sun.
7. Will you assist in improving your students’ skill ?
8. James was charged with murdering his wife.
9. Lolita feels like traveling on a bus.
10. Job applicants are looking forward to being called for an interview.

Contoh-contoh lain Verb + Preposition :

Verb + Preposition	Meaning
Go on Insist on Keep on Depend on/Rely on Die of Approve of Disapprove of Dream of Accuse + Object + of Suspect + Object + of Assist in Succeed in Object to Confess to Look forward to Fine + Object + for Forgive + Object + for Thank + Object + for Appologize to + Object + for Stop + Object + from Prevent + Object + from Give up Put off Dream about	Melanjutkan Bersikeras Melanjutkan mengandalkan Mati karena Menyetujui Tidak menyetujui Bermimpi tentang Menuduh Mencurigai Membantu Berhasil Keberatan Mengakui Menunggu dengan penuh harap Mendenda Memaafkan Berterima kasih Meminta maaf atas Menghentikan ... dari Mencegah ... dari Menyerah Menunda Membayangkan

Itulah bahan perihal Gerund after Preposition. Baca juga Gerund after Other Verb plus Contoh Kalimat .
Semoga bermanfaat.

Gerund After Other Verbs Plus Tumpuan Kalimat Lengkap

Gerund after Other Verb

Kata kerja (Verb) yang diikuti Gerund dibagi menjadi 4 yaitu :
a. Kata kerja menyerupai need, want, require dan deserve jikalau diikuti Gerund, maka Gerund diartikan pasif (di).
Need : perlu
Want : ingin
Require : perlu
Deserve : pantas/layak

Contoh :
*The flowers are dying and unhealthy. they need fertilizing. (dipupuk)
*The brake of the bike doesn’t work properly. It needs repairing. (diperbaiki)
*He feels painful in his muscle. He wants massaging . (dipijat)
*Do the poor and the needy deserve treating fairly ? (diperlakukan dengan adil).

b. Kata kerja yang diikuti Gerund dan Gerund mengandung makna aktif.
Kata kerja itu yaitu :

Verb	Meaning
Deny Avoid Enjoy Love Start Appreciate Delai Try Finish Imagine Fancy Discuss Postpone Practice Recall Report Like Complete Hate Miss Admit Continue Keep Begin Resent Anticipate Regret Detest Quit Risk Dread Understand Prefer Prevent Recommend Tolerate Dislike Mention Suggest Mind	Menyangkal Menghindar Menikmati Mencintai Mulai Menghargai Menunda Mencoba Menyelesaikan Membayangkan Menyukai Membicarakan Menunda Berlatih Mengingat Melaporkan Suka Melengkapi Membenci Merindukan Mengakui Melanjutkan Terus Mulai Merasadongkol Mengantisipasi Menyesal Benci Menyerah Beresiko Takut Memahami Lebih suka Mencegah Mengusulkan Memperbolehkan Tidak suka Menyebutkan Menyarankan keberatan

Contoh :
*He finally completed filming his own biography. (memfilmkan)
*Do you resent helping your enemy ? (membantu)
*They don’t mind attending the seminar on Sunday. (menghadiri)
*Children enjoy playing in the rain . (bermain)

Untuk Gerund yang mengandung makna pasif, kita harus memakai Passive Gerund (being + Verb 3)
Contoh :
*The school principal denied being bribed. (disuap)Begin
*Who likes being critized ?(dikritik)
*Do you miss being told a story before going to bed ? (didongengi)
*Lina doesn’t mind being commanded. (diperintah)

c. Kata kerja yang dapat diikuti Gerund dan to infinitive yang tidak memiliki perbedaan arti (no different meaning).
Kata kerja tersebut adalah:
Continue, Start, Love, Discontinue, Prefer, Hate, Can’t stand, Can’t bear.

Contoh :
*Maya prefers drinking/to drink white coffee.
*She loves shopping/to shop in Malls.
*Will you continue studying/to study at a college ?
*It began raining/ to rain.
*Hendra has started working/ to work in a new place.
*Dono hates doing/ to do household works.
*She can’t bear living/ to live in a dirty environment.

Note:
Jika kata kerja pertama (main verb) sudah berbentuk Continuous/Progressive Tenses, maka kata kerja kedua harus dalam bentuk To Infinitive bukan Gerund.
Contoh :
*It was beginning to rain/ raining at 7 o’clock last night.
*I am starting to do/ doing my diet tomorrow.

d. Kata kerja yang dapat diikuti Gerund dan to infinitive tetapi mempunyai perbedaan arti (different meaning).
Kata kerja tersebut yaitu :
Forget, Go on, Remember, Regret, Stop, Try, Like.

Forget + Gerund artinya lupa dengan apa yang telah terjadi/dilakukan.
Contoh :
*She forget locking the front door last night. (Dia lupa bahwa beliau sudah mengunci pintu depan. Pintu depan terkunci dikala beliau mengeceknya).
*Grandmother forgets having lunch. (Nenek sudah makan siang tetapi beliau berpikir bahwa beliau belum makan).

Forget + To Infinitive artinya lupa apa yang harus dilakukan.
Contoh :
*Selvy forgot to lock the front door last night. (Selvy lupa untuk mengunci pintu depan tadi malam)
*Arthur has forgotten to do homework. (Arthur lupa mengerjakan PR)

Remember + Gerund artinya ingat dengan apa yang telah dilakukan/ terjadi.
Contoh :
*George remembered draining a bath tub (George ingat apa yang telah dilakukan yaitu menguras kolam mandi)
*Romeo remembers being taken to Bali (Romeo ingat bahwa beliau telah diajak ke Bali)

Remember + To Infinitive artinya ingat apa yang harus dilakukan.
Contoh :
*Lorenzo remembered to attend a meeting (Lorenzo ingat apa yang harus dilakukan yaitu menghadiri pertemuan)
*Melisa remembers to buy medicine for her mother (Melisa ingat bahwa beliau harus membeli obat untuk ibunya)

Stop + Gerund artinya menghentikan apa yang dilakukan/terjadi.
Contoh :
*Vanessa stops teaching at 5 pm everyday.
*Keanu stopped fishing because it was raining heavily.

Stop + To Infinitive artinya berhenti alasannya yaitu harus melaksanakan sesuatu atau berhenti alasannya yaitu ingin melaksanakan sesuatu.
Contoh :
*Agung stopped to buy a pen (Agung berhenti alasannya yaitu ingin membeli bolpoin)
*They stop to have their lunch in the inn (Mereka berhenti alasannya yaitu ingin makan siang)
  
Go on + Gerund artinya melanjutkan/meneruskan apa yang sedang dilakukan/terjadi.
Contoh :
*She goes on singing eventhough no one cares her. (Dia terus bernyanyi walaupun tak seorangpun peduli padanya)
*Why does the sun go on shining ? (Mengapa matahari terus bersinar ?)
*Farmers went on working in their field although the lightings struck many times . (Para petani terus bekerja meskipun kilat menyambar berkali-kali)

Go on + To Infinitive artinya melanjutkan/ berpindah ke sesuatu yang baru.
Contoh :
*The teacher goes on to give a test after finishing the lesson.
*She went on to cook after she arrived from her work.

Regret + Gerund artinya meratapi apa yang telah terjadi/dilakukan.
Contoh :
*She regrets not telling the truth.
*Marvel regretted believing his roomate.

Regret + To Infinitive artinya merasa menyesal /tidak hingga hati mengatakan, menceritakan atau menginformasikan isu buruk. Regret + To Infinitive hanya dipakai dengan kata kerja tell, say, dan inform.
Contoh :
*Elma regrets to tell us that we are forbidden to join the class.
*I regret to say that this consulate can’t issue your visa.

Try + Gerund artinya menciptakan percobaan untuk melihat apakah percobaan tersebut berhasil atau tidak.
Contoh :
*When she saw a child crying, she tried calming him but she could not stop his crying (Ketika beliau melihat seorang anak menangis, beliau mencoba menenangkannya tetapi beliau tidak dapat menghentikan tangisannya)
*Mother tries watering the flowers when she notices that her flowers are fading. She is so grateful, because the flowers are fresh again after few hours. (Ibu mencoba menyiram bunga-bunga dikala beliau melihat bunga-bunganya itu memudar. Dia bersyukur alasannya yaitu bunga-bunga itu segar lagi sesudah beberara jam).

Try + To Infinitive artinya berusaha keras untuk mengatasi sesuatu yang sangat sulit.
Contoh :
*Economics experts have tried to stabilize the value of Rupiah. (Para hebat ekonomi sudah mencoba menstabilkan nilai tukar rupiah)
*Scientists try to discover medicine to heal patients with aids. (Para ilmuan mencoba menemukan obat untuk menyembuhkan para pasien penderita aids).

Like + Gerund artinya menikmati (enjoy) dikala melaksanakan aktifitas tersebut.
Contoh :
*She like dancing
*Do you like teaching children ?

Like + To Infinitive artinya menentukan (Choose to)
Contoh :
*I like to drink tea (Saya menentukan minum teh)
*She likes to go by a bike ( Dia menentukan pergi dengan naik sepeda)

Itulah bahan perihal Other Verbs (Kata kerja lain) yang diikuti Gerund yang dapat saya bagikan . Semoga bermanfaat bagi kita semua.

The Forms Of The Gerund (Bentuk-Bentuk Gerund)

 

Ini yakni bahan terakhir perihal Gerund. Saya menyebutnya terakhir alasannya pada posting sebelumnya saya sudah membahas :

Pembahasan Gerund dan Penggunaan
Peletakan Gerund dalam Kalimat (Frase)
Gerund after Preposition
Gerund after Other Verbs  dan yang akan kita pelajari berikutnya yakni
  The Form of The Gerund (Bentuk-bentuk Gerund)

Pembahasan perihal Gerund sangatlah panjang sehingga sengaja saya bagi menjadi beberapa judul agar  kita gampang mempelajarinya. Ok friends kita lanjut ya …

Bentuk –bentuk Gerund

Gerund mempunyai 4 bentuk yaitu :

1. Active Present/Past Gerund (V + Ing)

Contoh :
1. Thomas enjoys visiting tourism places.
2. She appreciated attending your birthday party.
3. I am very sorry for disturbing you.
4. Thank you for not lying us.
5. Justin remembered visiting  many tourism places.

2. Passive Present/ Past Gerund (Being + V3)

Passive Present/ Past Gerund  menyerupai Passive Voice yaitu bermakna di
Contoh :
1. Being scolded hurts our feeling. (Dimarahi sakit perasaan kita)'.
2. Anton came to may house without being invited (Anton tiba ke rumahku tanpa diundang).
3. She admits being terrorized (Dia mengaku di terror)
4. The patient felt unconcious after being injected (Pasien merasa pingsan sesudah disuntik)
5. She helped her teacher before being asked (Dia membantu gurunya sebelum disuruh)

3. Active Perfect/ Past Gerund (Having + V3)

Perfect / Past Gerund dipakai untuk menekankan bahwa kejadian yang memakai Gerund telah tepat dilakukan /telah selesai sebelum kata kerja inti (Main Verb)
Contoh :
1. She is afraid of having left her mother alone in a big house ( Dia benar-benar telah meninggalkan ibunya sendirian di dalam rumah besar)
2. They confessed to having stolen some jewel (Mereka benar-benar telah mencuri sejumlah perhiasan)
3. Erna regretted having told her secret ( Erna menyesal telah menceritakan rahasianya)

4. Passive Perfect/ Past Gerund (Having been + V3)

Contoh :
1. The professor appreciated having been awarded the man of the year (Professor menghargai yang telah diberikan orang tahun ini)
2. The secretary admitted having been intimidated (Sekretaris mengaku telah diintimidasi)
3. Did the lawyer deny having been bribed ? (Apakah pengacara itu menyangkal telah disuap ?)
4. Intan confessed to having been told a secret by a secret agent (Intan mengaku telah diberitahu belakang layar oleh biro rahasia)
5. Did Risma forgot having been awarded as the best graduate last year ? (Apakah Risma lupa telah dianugerahi sebagai lulusan terbaik tahun kemudian ? )

Itulah pembahasan Gerund yang dapat saya bagikan. Semoga bermanfaat untuk kita semua. Keep studying :)

Pembahasan Present Participle, Past Participle Dan Fungsinya

Participle ialah bentuk kata kerja yang berakhiran ing dan d/ed yang berfungsi sebagai kata kerja atau kata sifat. Sekilas Participle seakan-akan dengan Gerund yaitu sama-sama merupakan kata kerja ing. Walaupun mempunyai bentuk yang sama, Participle dan Gerund mempunyai perbedaan penggunaan dalam kalimat. Gerund dipakai sebagai noun sedangkan Participle dipakai sebagai Verb atau Adjective.

Participle dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu Present Participle dan Past Participle.

Present Participle ialah bentuk kata kerja yang berakhiran ing , sedangkan Past Participle ialah bentuk kata kerja yang berakhiran d/ed dan bentuk kata kerja ketiga (Verb 3) yang tidak beraturan.

Present Participle dan Past Particeple dapat berfungsi sebagai :
1. The Verb of The Sentence (kata kerja dalam kalimat)
2. The adjective (kata sifat)
3. Present Participle dan Past Participle dapat juga diletakkan sehabis kata kerja lain (other verbs) dan ungkapan (the expressions)
4. The adverb (kata keterangan) khususnya dalam bentuk frase (adverb phrase)

Berikut ini penjelasannya.

1. Participle sebagai Verb/kata kerja dalam kalimat

Present Particple sebagai kata kerja dalam kalimat dapat kita jumpai dalam kalimat yang memakai Continuous/ Progressive Tenses.
Contoh :
* Rina was watching TV when the earthquake happened.
* How long has Tania been sitting under that tree ?
* Amelia may be helping her mother in the kitchen now.
* The workers seem to be resting right now.

Past Participle sebagai kata kerja dalam kalimat dapat kita jumpai dalam kalimat yang memakai Perfect Tenses dan Passive Voice.
Contoh :
* Ardan has finished his study at a university.
* They must have visited their sick friend.
* Benjamin had moved to another city when I visited him in his house.
* She might have got an accident when riding her motorbike so fast.
* When was temple restored for the first time ?
* These flowera are watered twice a day.
* Hundreds children are being taught how to brush teeth well by the dentist.

2. Participle sebagai Adjective (Kata sifat)

Adjective dapat dipakai sebagai penjelas kata benda, perhiasan kalimat, dan dalam bentuk Adjective Phrases (frase yang menjelaskan kata benda)

Participle sebagai Adjective (Kata sifat) dibagi menjadi 3 yaitu :
 a. Adjective yang berfungsi sebagai penjelas kata benda(the modifier of the noun) 
Present Participle dan Past Participle dapat dipakai sebagai penjelas kata benda.
Present Participle dan Past Participle menjelaskan sifat benda tersebut dan biasanya merupakan sifat permanen.
Present Participle + the Noun 

Contoh :
* Who has shing hair ? (Siapa mempunyai rambut bersinar ?)
* This flight offers a fascinating journey. (Penerbangan memperlihatkan perjalanan yang mempesona)
* She is smelling blooming flowers. (Dia mencium bunga-bunga yang sedang mekar)
* Autumn is often signed by falling leaves. (Musim gugur sering ditandai oleh daun-daun yang berjatuhan)
Contoh-contoh lain Present Participle + The Noun

Present Participle + Noun	Meaning
Developing country	Negara berkembang
Burning sun	Terbakar matahari
Haunting house	Rumah berhantu
Promising future	Masa depan yang menjanjikan
Talking toy	Mainan yang dapat bicara
Flying dragon	Naga terbang
Challenging game	Permainan menantang
Embarrasing moment	Saat yang memalukan
Boring room	Ruangan yang membosankan
Boiling water	Air mendidih
Satisfying service	Pelayanan yang memuaskan
Fascinating journey	Perjalanan yang mempesona
Confusing decision	Keputusan yang membingungkan
Glittering snow	Salju yang berkilauan
Rising star	Bintang yang bersinar
Sparkling white	Putih berkilau
Moving objects	Objek bergerak
Exciting trip	Perjalanan yang menarik
Tiring job	Pekerjaan yang melelahkan
Disappointing score	Skor yang mengecewakan
Inspiring words	Kata-kata inspiratif
Awakening people	Orang yang bangkit
Annoying behavior	Perilaku menjengkelkan

Ketika Present Participle dipakai sebagai penjelas kata benda, Present Participle mengandung makna active (me/ber) dan juga continuous/progressive (sedang).
Contoh :
* Growing up girl (Gadis yang sedang tumbuh)
* Falling leaves (Daun-daun yang sedang berguguran)
* Boiling water (Air yang sedang mendidih)
* Amazing building (Bangunan yang menakjubkan)
* Confusing test (Ujian yang membingungkan)
* Sparkling white (Warna putih yang berkilau)

Past Participle + The Noun
Contoh :
* No one can heal her broken heart .
* A child sank in the frozen lake yesterday.
* People sometimes breathe polluted air.
* Could the police capture the escaped prisoner ?
* Where is the most wanted terrorist hiding ?
* Do you like eating canned fruit ?
* Jurassic park is the lost world.
Contoh-contoh lain Past Participle + The Noun

Fried banana	Animated movie
Dialled number	Smoked fish
Armed civilians	Abandoned ship
Adopted child	Naked science
Fallen tree	Frightened face
Retired general	Faded flowers
Disappointed people	Deserted car park
Expired date	Lost civilization
Hidden camera	Received call

Ketika Past Participle berfungsi sebagai penjelas kata benda, Past Participle mengandung makna passive (di, ter, ke...) dan makna perfect (telah/sudah).
Contoh :
* Fried chicken (ayam yang digoreng)
* Armed civilians (penduduk sipil yang dilengkapi senjata )
* Salted egg ( telur yang diasinkan)
* Received call ( panggilan yang diterima)
* Frightened child (anak yang ketakutan)
* Fallen tree (pohon yang telah tumbang)
* Developed country (negara yang telah berkembang)
* Frozen lake (danau yang telah membeku)
* Faded flowers (bunga-bunga yang telah layu)
* Married woman (wanita yang sudah menikah)

b. Adjective yang berfungsi sebagai perhiasan kalimat (The complement of the sentence)
Present Participle dan Past Participle dapat berfungsi sebagai perhiasan kalimat. Ketika Present Participle dan Past Participle dipakai sebagai perhiasan kalimat dapat ditempatkan sehabis be atau Linking Verbs. Present Participle selalu mengandung makna Active (me/ber...) dan Past Participle selalu mengandung makna passive (di,ter,ke...).

Subject + be + Present? Past Participle
Contoh :
* This is very tiring.
* Whose face is frightening ?
* English was not interesting when I was in high school.
* Will the show be entertaining ?
* Your decision can be very disappointing.
* Your future in this company is not very promising.
* Sean is very shocked when knowing that his mother got an accident.
* People will be very upset because the government is not fair with them.
* Who is very embarrased ?
* Are they pleased ?
* Who face is frightened ?

Subject + Linking Verb + Present/Past Participle
Linking Verb yang biasa diikuti oleh Participle ialah :
Seem, look, feel, appear, get, become, sound.
Contoh :
* This practice seems boring.
* Do the flowers look dying ?
* Your ideas sound interesting .
* Those people appear scaring.
* She felt lost without him in her life for many years.
* I feel so blessed when I think of you.
* Who appears confused on the stage ?
* She doesn’t feel insulted but little offended.
* Whose father becomes annoyed ?

c. Adjective dalam bentuk Adjective Phrases
Phrase (frase) ialah kumpulan kata yang mempunyai arti. Adjective Phrase ialah frase yang menjelaskan /mendeskripsikan kata benda. Adjective Phrase dibuat dari Adjective Clause dengan cara menghilangkan Relative Pronoun khususnya Relative Pronoun untuk subjek (who, which, that) kemudian mengganti kata kerja dengan memakai Participle.

Present Participle dipakai untuk Adjective Clause yang mengandung makna active (me/ber) dan Past Participle dipakai untuk Adjective Clause yang mengandung makna Passive (di, ter)
Contoh :
                         Adjective Clause
                                 ▼
* The highway that goes to the president palace is closed for public.

                         Adjective Phrase
                                 ▼
* The highway going to the president palace is closed for public.
                 
* Williana wanted to buy the gadget which was advertised on a daily newspaper.
   Williana wanted to buy the gadget advertised on a daily newspaper.
* The judge who denied being bribed made a press conference to clarify.
   The judge denying being bribed made a press conference to clarify.
* The man who can’t walk after getting stroke spends his life on a bed.
   The man not being able to walk after getting stroke spends his life on a bed.
Note :
Present Participle dan Past Participle dalam bentuk Adjective Phrase tidak dipakai kalau Adjective Clausenya untuk objek (whom), Possessive (whose) , atau keterangan (when, where, why).

Semoga bermanfaat ...
Baca juga :
Participle after Other Verbs and Expressions